Measurement of blood pressure
[Ref: KB Primary course May 2005]
Indirect (noninvasive)
Riv-Rocci cuff
- Cuff inflated and deflated to various pressures
- Various methods are used to detect distal blood flow
* e.g. palpation, Korotkoff sounds, pulse monitor, ultrasound
Penaz method
- Used on finger
- Combination of pressure cuff with infrared transmitter/sensor.
- As part of initial calibration, the apparatus automatically acquires mean BP from the point of maximum oscillation
- Afterwards, cuff pressure is automatically electronically adjusted to keep the blood volume (as detected by IR sensor) constant.
Direct (invasive)
Advantages include
- Immediate
- Accurate
- Continuous
- Reliable
Disadvantages include
- Possible infection
- Possible thrombosis
- Possilbe pneumothorax, haemothorax, hydrothorax
- Damage to arteries
- More costly
- Need to technical skills
A. Catheter tip transducer
Diaphragm directly exposed to blood flow
- Advantage: highly accurate (due to extremely high resonant frequency e.g. 20,000Hz)
- Disadvantage: Expensive, delicate
e.g. Camino ICP monitor
B. Catheter-transducer system
Transducer is coupled to the circulation via a fluid-filled catheter
- Disadvantage: inaccurate recording of SBP and DBP due to low dynamic response