3. Physiology
        3.6. Haematology
            3.6.2. Transfusion medicine
                3.6.2.3. Blood storage
3.6.2.3.3. Whole blood storage

Whole blood storage

[Ref: PK1:p253-254; KB2:p184-185]

Collection

400-480mL of blood is taken, with 63mL of anticoagulant
* Citrate combines with calcium and anticoagulates the blood

Criteria

Methods of preservation

Types of anticoagulant/preservative solutions

Citrate-phosphate-dextrose (CPD)
* Sodium citrate 1.66g
* Anhydrous dextrose 1.46g
* Citric acid monohydrate 206mg
* Sodium acid phosphate 158g
* Water to 63mL

CPD-adenine
* Sodium citrate 1.66g
* Anhydrous dextrose 1.82g
* Citric acid monohydrate 206mg
* Sodium acid phosphate 158mg
* Adenine 17.3mg
* Water to 63mL

SAG-M
* Saline, adenine, glucose, and mannitol

Adsol
* Adenine, glucose, mannitol, and sodium chloride
* ??Same as SAG-M
* Shelf-life = 42days

Purpose of each ingredient

NB:

Changes in whole blood during storage

RBC

WBC

Platelets

Factor 5 and 8

[KB2:p185]

[PK1:p254]

NB:

ATP

2,3-DPG

Also see 2,3-Diphosphoglycerate (2,3 DPG)

Potassium level

Other changes

 

Other notes

High [K+] does not normally cause problem because

Changes in stored blood

[PK1:p254, Table 9.1]

Change 0 7 14 21 28
RBC survival (%) 100 98 85 80 75
2,3DPG (%) 100 99 50 15 5
pH 7.2 7 6.9 6.8 6.7
Na+ (mmol/L) 168 166 163 156 154
K+ (mmol/L) 3.9 11.9 17.2 21 28
Glucose (mmol/L) 19.2 17.3 15.6 12.8 12.2
Free Hb (microgram/L) 1.7 7.8 12.5 19 29



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