CSF production
Circumventricular organs
BBB
Ocular pressure control
Neurotransmitters
Pain
Receptors
Second messenger
Cell types
Brain uses almost exclusive glucose as its energy source.
Uptake of glucose is via GLUT1 in cerebral capillaries
RQ = 0.95-0.99
In prolonged starvation, use other ???? substrate for energy. [WG21:p622]
[WG21:p622] Role of glutamate
Glutamate enters the brain, takes up ammonia, and leave as glutamine.
Opposite to the reaction in kidney.
Serves to remove ammonia from brain.
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Acetylcholine, acting on nicotinc ACh receptor
Acetylcholine, acting on nicotinic ACh receptor
Noradrenaline, acting on alpha or beta adrenergic receptors
Acetylcholine, acting on nicotinic ACh receptor
Acetylcholine, acting on muscarinic ACh receptor