Oxidative phosphorylation
Production of ATP via oxidation by the flavoprotein-cytochrome system.
- Hydrogen acceptors lose their hydrogen (i.e. oxidized)
- Transfers hydrogen to oxygen, forming water.
- Final enzyme is cytochrome c oxidase
* Contains 2 atoms of Fe and 3 Cu
Occurs in mitochondria.
- Protons pumped out of the matrix
* i.e. out of the inner membrane of mitochondria
- Proton concentration builts up in the intracristal space
* i.e. between inner and outer membrane of the mitochondria
- Transfer of protons back into the matrix drives an ATPase in the inner membrane.
ATP production
NADH = 3 ATPs
NADPH = 3 ATPs
FADH2 = 2 ATPs
Overall effect of glucose metabolism
For every molecule of glucose,
- 10 x NADH+H+
- 2 x FADH2
- 2 ATP directly in glycolysis
- 2 ATP/GTP in citric cycle
=> 38 ATPs + 6 CO2 + 6 H2O